Debitum and sex in Spanish scholastic literature on marriage. Similarities and differences between Francisco de Vitoria, Alonso de la Vera Cruz and Pedro de Ledesma
Keywords:
Moral and sacramental theology, Marriage, Sex, Francisco de Vitoria, Alonso de la Vera Cruz, Pedro de LedesmaAbstract
Combining the approaches of history of theology and law, and contemporary philosophy of gender, this article presents the perspectives that Francisco de Vitoria offered on marital debit and various forms of practicing coitus in some of his lessons on Book IV of Peter Lombard’s Sentences. As shown in the article, the positions of Vitoria and of some of his students (Tomás de Chaves, epitomizer of his lessons and Alonso de la Vera Cruz, author of the book Speculum coniugiorum, first treatise on theology and canon law published in America), although in accordance with the patriarchal canons of his time, present a certain flexibility in contrast with the rigorist criteria defended by most of the traditional authorities and by later Thomists from Salamanca such as Pedro de Ledesma. This Vitorian flexibility is taken to the extreme by Vera Cruz, an indulgent adaptor of the Christian normative framework in the American missionary context.
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